Entered into force on 3 September 1953 (as amended by Protocols No. 11 and No. 14).

Also known as Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.

The court rules on individual or State applications alleging violations of the civil and political rights set out in the European Convention on Human Rights.

University of Leicester.

See Annual Reports by the Council's Committee of Ministers, monitoring implementation of ECHR judgments by Member States, as well as information on the execution process, including the new working methods for the ECHR.

Georgetown University. Extensive data on judicial dissents, biographical characteristics of judges, and information on cases.

Aims to create a common democratic and legal area throughout the whole continent, ensuring respect for its fundamental values: human rights, democracy and the rule of law.

The Commissioner for Human Rights is an independent institution within the Council of Europe, mandated to promote the awareness of and respect for human rights in 47 Council of Europe member states.

Complaints and conclusions relating to the European Social Charter of the Council of Europe.

The HUDOC database provides access to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, the European Commission of Human Rights (decisions and reports) and the Committee of Ministers (resolutions).

Presents the interpretation that the European Committee of Social Rights has made of the different articles of the European Social Charter.

Utrecht School of Law. Searchable database of European Court of Human Rights case law.

The EU is a large regional organization made up of 27 European countries. EU legal structure has been based on an amalgam of treaties and agreements entered into between 1953 and 2007.

The OSCE's activities cover conflict prevention, fostering economic development, ensuring the sustainable use of natural resources, and promoting the full respect of human rights and fundamental freedoms.

The global human rights education and training centre.